The Bengal Tiger Essays - Tigers, Bengal Tiger, Sundarbans, Felidae

The Bengal Tiger The Bengal tiger is a carnivorous, mammal primarily from India. It lives in habitats such as the coniferous Himalayan Forest, the mangroves of the Sunderbans, the hills of the Indian Peninsula, or the forests of Rajasthan and Northern India. At one time Bengal tigers were scattered throughout Asia. Now they are generally found in India and some regions of Bangledesh, Bhutan, Nepal, and Myanmar. There is approximately 4,000 alive in the wild now, and about 300 are in captivity in zoos around the world. Bengal tiger's are one of the largest and most feared cats in the cat family. An adult tiger can weigh any where from 350 to 550 pounds. The adult males weigh an average of 480 pounds, while the females weigh about 300. Their body lengths are between 6 and 9 feet long! A Bengal tiger hunts primarily deer, wild pigs, water buffalo, birds and other small mammals. When driven from hunger a this tiger will eat almost anything. Crocodiles, lizards, fish, and even humans are eaten by a frustrated Bengal tiger. They eat meat and only meat. Their style of attack is differant from the cheetah's and the lion's; who hunt in open habitats. Although it is a heavier predator than that of the lion and cheetah, it averages about 50 deer a year. Bengal tigers need a wide forest-like areas to hunt their prey. They are known to hunt alone, but have been found to hunt in packs. These tigers are semi-nocturnal, because they sometimes hunt at night. They use flying tactics and force their victims by attacking the throat and spine. Tigers aren't successful hunters, they succeed about once out of every ten attempts. A Bengal tiger is known for its elegant coat and its eyes that seem to stare at you as if you were its prey. Their coat has colors of a reddish tan, shading to white underneath. But the real elegance of its coat is the black stripes which run uneven down its body. Its fur is thick and short. Its facial features consist of long thick whiskers, beady eyes,long sharp pointy teeth, and pointed ears. Its whiskers are used for sensing its prey. These luxurious beady eyes have great vision and are extremely needed for hunting. Its hearing varies with the tiger, the more well developed the ear, the better its hearing will be. Its teeth and jaw are essential for hunting because they are needed to attack the neck of their prey to either snap its neck or to let it bleed to death. Bengal tigers are special because they stand out against other mammals. They have certain characteristics that not many other cats have. They are excellent swimmers, and they take advantage of man-made roads and trails. As cubs their mothers can tell them apart by the white ear spots and even the cub uses this characteristic to find its mother in dim forests. Some studies have even shown that females permit their daughters to take over their home ranges. Humans have turned against the Bengal tigers and as a result they are now endangered of being extinct. About one tiger is killed every day for sport, its coat, and for some sorts of medical remedies. This tiger has had superstition around if for centuries and its legends are getting them killed. Some superstitions include; necklaces made of its claws are said to ward away evil spirits from children, whiskers are used for deadly poisons, aphrodisiacs, or an aid at childbirth. Pelts are in demand for rugs, fur coats, and wall fixtures. The poacher's main demand is for the bones and other parts for medicines. Poachers are killing these tigers everyday and do not even care they might some day become extinct because of what they are doing. Bengal tigers aren't just becoming extinct because of poachers, their environments are being destroyed. Their habitats are being destroyed everyday and the tigers are dieing because of it. By moving a tiger into an area where its not used to living it can destroy the whole eco-system in that area leaving many dead animals other than the Bengal tiger. Certain zoos and programs have been set up to save these tigers

Learn About the Many Varieties of Quartz

Learn About the Many Varieties of Quartz Quartz  is an old German word that originally meant something like hard or tough. It is the most common mineral in the continental crust, and the one with the simplest chemical formula: silicon dioxide or SiO2. Quartz is so common in crustal rocks that its more notable when quartz is missing than when its present.   How to Identify Quartz Quartz comes in many colors and shapes. Once you start studying minerals, though, quartz becomes easy to tell at a glance. You can recognize it by these identifiers: A glassy lusterHardness 7 on the Mohs scale, scratching ordinary glass and all types of steelIt breaks into curved shards rather than flat-faced cleavage fragments, meaning it exhibits conchoidal fracture.Almost always clear or whiteAlmost always present in light-colored rocks and in sandstonesIf found in crystals, quartz always has a hexagonal cross-section like that of a common pencil. Most examples of quartz are clear, frosted, or found as milky-white grains of small size that dont display crystal faces. Clear quartz may appear dark if its in a rock with a lot of dark minerals. Special Quartz Varieties The pretty crystals and vivid colors youll see in jewelry and in rock shops are scarce. Here are some of those precious varieties: Clear, colorless quartz is called rock crystal.Translucent white quartz is called milky quartz.Milky pink quartz is called rose quartz. Its color is thought to be due to various impurities (titanium, iron, manganese) or microscopic inclusions of other minerals.Purple quartz is called amethyst. Its color is due to holes of missing electrons in the crystal in combination with iron impurities.Yellow quartz is called citrine. Its color is due to iron impurities.Green quartz is called praseolite. Iron impurities account for its color, too.Gray quartz is called smoky quartz. Its color is due to holes of missing electrons in combination with aluminum impurities.Brown smoky quartz is called cairngorm and black smoky quartz is called morion.The Herkimer diamond is a form of natural quartz crystal with two pointed ends. Quartz also occurs in a microcrystalline form called chalcedony. Together, both minerals are also referred to as silica. Where Quartz Is Found Quartz is perhaps the most common mineral on our planet. In fact, one test of a meteorite (if you think youve found one)  is to be sure it doesnt have any quartz. Quartz is found in most geologic settings, but it most typically forms sedimentary rocks like sandstone. This is no surprise when you consider that nearly all the sand on Earth is made almost exclusively from grains of quartz. Under mild heat and pressure conditions, geodes can form in sedimentary rocks that are lined with crusts of quartz crystals deposited from underground fluids. In igneous rocks, quartz is the defining mineral of granite. When granitic rocks crystallize deep underground, quartz is generally the last mineral to form and usually has no room to form crystals. But in pegmatites quartz can sometimes form very large crystals, as long as a meter. Crystals also occur in veins associated with hydrothermal (super-heated water) activity in the shallow crust. In metamorphic rocks such as gneiss, quartz becomes concentrated in bands and veins. In this setting, its grains do not take their typical crystal form. Sandstone, too, turns into a massive quartz rock called quartzite. Geological Significance of Quartz Among the common minerals, quartz is the toughest and most inert. It makes up the backbone of good soil, providing mechanical strength and holding open pore space between its grains. Its superior hardness and resistance to dissolution are what make sandstone and granite endure. Thus you could say that quartz holds up the mountains. Prospectors are always alert to veins of quartz because these are signs of hydrothermal activity and the possibility of ore deposits. To the geologist, the amount of silica in a rock is a basic and important bit of geochemical knowledge. Quartz is a ready sign of high silica, for example in rhyolite lava. Quartz is hard, stable, and low in density. When found in abundance, quartz always points to a continental rock because the tectonic processes that have built the Earths continents favor quartz.  As it moves through the tectonic cycle of erosion, deposition, subduction, and magmatism, quartz lingers in the uppermost crust and always comes out on top.

Green Revolution History and Overview

Green Revolution History and Overview The term Green Revolution refers to the renovation of agricultural practices beginning in Mexico in the 1940s. Because of its success in producing more agricultural products there, Green Revolution technologies spread worldwide in the 1950s and 1960s, significantly increasing the number of calories produced per acre of agriculture. History and Development of the Green Revolution The beginnings of the Green Revolution are often attributed to Norman Borlaug, an American scientist interested in agriculture. In the 1940s, he began conducting research in Mexico and developed new disease resistance high-yield varieties of wheat. By combining Borlaugs wheat varieties with new mechanized agricultural technologies, Mexico was able to produce more wheat than was needed by its own citizens, leading to them becoming an exporter of wheat by the 1960s. Prior to the use of these varieties, the country was importing almost half of its wheat supply. Due to the success of the Green Revolution in Mexico, its technologies spread worldwide in the 1950s and 1960s. The United States, for instance, imported about half of its wheat in the 1940s but after using Green Revolution technologies, it became self-sufficient in the 1950s and became an exporter by the 1960s. In order to continue using Green Revolution technologies to produce more food for a growing population worldwide, the Rockefeller Foundation and the Ford Foundation, as well as many government agencies around the world funded increased research. In 1963 with the help of this funding, Mexico formed an international research institution called The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center. Countries all over the world, in turn, benefited from the Green Revolution work conducted by Borlaug and this research institution. India, for example, was on the brink of mass famine in the early 1960s because of its rapidly growing population. Borlaug and the Ford Foundation then implemented research there and they developed a new variety of rice, IR8, that produced more grain per plant when grown with irrigation and fertilizers. Today, India is one of the worlds leading rice producers and IR8 rice usage spread throughout Asia in the decades following the rices development in India. Plant Technologies of the Green Revolution The crops developed during the Green Revolution were high yield varieties - meaning they were domesticated plants bred specifically to respond to fertilizers and produce an increased amount of grain per acre planted. The terms often used with these plants that make them successful are harvest index, photosynthate allocation, and insensitivity to day length. The harvest index refers to the above-ground weight of the plant. During the Green Revolution, plants that had the largest seeds were selected to create the most production possible. After selectively breeding these plants, they evolved to all have the characteristic of larger seeds. These larger seeds then created more grain yield and a heavier above ground weight. This larger above ground weight then led to an increased photosynthate allocation. By maximizing the seed or food portion of the plant, it was able to use photosynthesis more efficiently because the energy produced during this process went directly to the food portion of the plant. Finally, by selectively breeding plants that were not sensitive to day length, researchers like Borlaug were able to double a crop’s production because the plants were not limited to certain areas of the globe based solely on the amount of light available to them. Impacts of the Green Revolution Since fertilizers are largely what made the Green Revolution possible, they forever changed agricultural practices because the high yield varieties developed during this time cannot grow successfully without the help of fertilizers. Irrigation also played a large role in the Green Revolution and this forever changed the areas where various crops can be grown. For instance, before the Green Revolution, agriculture was severely limited to areas with a significant amount of rainfall, but by using irrigation, water can be stored and sent to drier areas, putting more land into agricultural production - thus increasing nationwide crop yields. In addition, the development of high yield varieties meant that only a few species of say, rice started being grown. In India, for example, there were about 30,000 rice varieties prior to the Green Revolution, today there are around ten - all the most productive types. By having this increased crop homogeneity though the types were more prone to disease and pests because there were not enough varieties to fight them off. In order to protect these few varieties then, pesticide use grew as well. Finally, the use of Green Revolution technologies exponentially increased the amount of food production worldwide. Places like India and China that once feared famine have not experienced it since implementing the use of IR8 rice and other food varieties. Criticism of the Green Revolution Along with the benefits gained from the Green Revolution, there have been several criticisms. The first is that the increased amount of food production has led to overpopulation worldwide. The second major criticism is that places like Africa have not significantly benefited from the Green Revolution. The major problems surrounding the use of these technologies here though are a lack of infrastructure, governmental corruption, and insecurity in nations. Despite these criticisms though, the Green Revolution has forever changed the way agriculture is conducted worldwide, benefiting the people of many nations in need of increased food production.

Analysis of Color Adjustment Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Analysis of Color Adjustment - Movie Review Example Albeit with little variations, they still depict past â€Å"bad† images. The producer also brings to light the continuing identity crisis that continues in American television. He is able to contrast the ideal blacks depicted in sitcoms and sagas with the angrier, harsher ones presented in the news (Riggs et. al. 0:12). In a rather informative and straightforward manner, Marlon draws opinions from producers and stars from notable shows in the history of black television. He occasionally pauses to observe James Baldwin’s literature. Every one of the shows he discusses comes out as a show of both pride and pain. Tim Reid and Diahann Carroll, who were the main actors in popular television series significant in Mr. Riggs’ argument, openly talk about their varied response to â€Å"Amos ‘n’ and Andy†, a television show in which the N.A.A.C.P did say: â€Å"every temperament is either a crook or a clown.†(Riggs et. al. 0:32) As the film progresses, Ms. Carroll opens up about her family being adamant concerning not watching â€Å"Amos ‘n’ Andy.† It is only later that she could see the offensiveness in the show to see its humor (Riggs et. al. 0:25). With the chronological procession of the movie, it depicts Beulah, a jolly black servant who is committed to the white family who employs her. â€Å"That was a maid from Hollywood,† (Riggs et. al. 0:29) Esther, who starred in â€Å"Good Times† quips. In this case, she is referring to the Louse Beavers who was popularly called the grinning actress. She is the one responsible for making Beulah be acceptable to the white viewers. Beulah is black. The film, which debuted at the Anthropology Movie Archives, devoted attention to Nat Cole’s variety show. It signaled the initial non-comedic episodes that that starred black actors, but which was called off due to lack of sponsorship for an entire season.  Ã‚  

The Core Competency of the Company Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Core Competency of the Company - Case Study Example Brand strategies define buyer experience-through the products offered, the advertising messages conveyed, indeed through every interaction between an organization and a buyer-and through that experience buyers develop an understanding of brand differences (perceptions), form judgments about the value of brand differences (preferences), and create a logic for choosing among brands (brand choice strategies).We refer to strategies that teach buyers as market-driving strategies (Bearden et al 77). Because of the Japanese consumer's traditional focus on corporate reputations, Japan has been considered a tough market for individual brands. This rising importance of branding, segmentation, and positioning has created new opportunities. In addition to Asahi and Honda, other nimble companies are taking advantage of the changes in the market to identify and capture specific segments of the market. Given the need to balance corporate and product-level branding, Sharp is applying a variety of approaches. These range from the more traditional corporate branding to two-story branding to narrow individual brand positioning. Companies are also using more Sharp -style branding (Boone and Kurtz 72). High technology continues to have an intense attraction for consumers, who recently favored such products as wristwatch PCs flat-screen TVs, and satellite cellular phones. New product development in Japan used to be technology and shelf-driven. In this environment, Japanese firms developed an unparalleled capacity for rapid product innovations, churning out new products and variations at a breathtaking rate (Collis and Noda 5). Japanese companies continue to have tremendous capabilities in rapid product innovation. of new product launches is greater in Japan than in the United States. In other categories, such as household products, the number of new product launches relative to the size of the market is larger in Japan than in the United States. In a few categories, such as foods, Japan lags behind the United States in producing new products (Kotler and Armstrong 92). Core competencies of Sharp are unique approach to products and entrepreneur spirit, innovative and state-of-the-art solution. The choice criteria of Japanese consumers is complex and changing rapidly. The approach to such cross-sectional variability would be niche marketing. United States marketers would find segments of the market in which the company has advantages over rivals and concentrate on those markets. But because Japanese consumers have traditionally been hard to segment and consumer choices have changed quickly-and, in many cases, randomly- Japanese firms instead developed a "rapid fire" approach to marketing to deal with the tremendous variability of their markets (Kotler and Keller 62). 2.In what ways does being a Japanese company contribute to Sharp's success Traditionally, Japanese companies have focused on building large, ambiguous corporate brands, so the "what" of brand positioning has been very difficult to pin down. In a market perceived to be homogeneous, the "whom" of brand positioning has also been very difficult to determine. In effect, the "what" and "whom" of Japanese

Basic Firewall Operation Computer Science Essay

Basic Firewall Operation Computer Science Essay A firewall is a piece of software or hardware that filters all network  traffic between the computer, local network or commercial network and  Internet.  Firewall is a component of a computer system or network  designed to block unauthorized access while  allowed   communication.  It is a device or group of devices  configured  deny, encrypt, decrypt, or proxy all (inside and outside) traffic  team  between different security domains based on a set   Firewalls can be implemented in hardware or  software,  or  a combination of both.  A firewall can be few rules  determine what traffic is  being permitted inside or outside your home network.  Depending on the  type  firewall in place, access to certain  IP addresses or domain  names, or you can block certain types of traffic by blocking  of  TCP / IP  the ports they use.  There are basically four mechanisms used by servers  security limit  traffic.  A device or program can use more than one of these in  relationship  together for more depth protection.  The four mechanisms  of  packet filtering, circuit-level gateway, the  proxy-server and application  Gateway. However, Firewall has some drawbacks.  Initial equipment cost is the main factor that determines the  Better communication technology network security  required.  The firewall cannot protect against attacks that bypass  firewall.  To  For example, dial-in and dial-out access.  The firewall does not protect against internal threats.  The firewall cannot protect against transmission of the virus  infection  programs or files.  It would be impractical and perhaps  impossible to scan  all incoming files, emails and messages for  virus   Time to time, the use of cheaper Internet and  links  much faster.  This leaves many people always want to  use long time. It is  increasing the exposure of computers to various  threats   Internet.  When using an anti-virus software protects  computers  viruses, not other forms of Internet intruders.  A server  Safety  bodyguard keep between your computer and the Internet,  decide what doors to open, and that can come Overview of Firewall -II A firewall examines all traffic sent between two networks to see if it meets certain criteria. If so, is routed between the networks, otherwise it stops. A firewall filters incoming and outgoing traffic. You can also manage public access to private networked resources such as host applications. It can be used to record all attempts to enter the private network and trigger alarms when hostile or unauthorized entry attempt. Firewalls can filter packets based on their source and destination addresses and port numbers. This is known as address filtering. Firewalls can also filter specific types of network traffic. This is also known as protocol filtering because the decision to forward or reject traffic depends on the protocol used, such as HTTP, FTP or Telnet. Firewalls can also filter traffic by packet attribute or state. A firewall cannot prevent individual users with modems to dial in or outside the network without going through the firewall at all. Employee misconduct or negligence cannot be controlled by firewalls. Policies regarding use and misuse of passwords and user accounts must be strictly enforced. These are management issues that must be asked in the planning of any security policy, but cannot be solved with firewalls alone. [5] 2.1Advantages of Firewalls Firewalls have a number of advantages. They can stop incoming requests for services, fundamentally insecure, as may be prohibited or rlogin RPC services such as NFS. They can control access to other services such as bars appellants from certain IP addresses, use the filtering service (incoming and outgoing), for example, to stop hiding information about FTP, in writing, for example, allowing access only to certain directories or systems Are more profitable than ensuring every guest on the corporate network, as it is often only one or a few systems firewall concentrate. They are safer for every guest, because of the complexity of the software on the machine which makes it easier for security holes appear. 2.2 Disadvantages of Firewalls Firewalls are not the alpha and omega of network security. They have some disadvantages, such as: It is a focal point for attack, and if a hacker penetrates the firewall that can have unlimited access to the corporate network. You can prevent legitimate users access to services of value, for example, business users will not be released to the web or when working outside the home to a business user can not access the organization track network. No protection against attacks from the back door, in May and encourage users enter and exit through the door, especially if the restrictions are too severe service. Examples of entry points to the back door of the network business are: modems, and import and export unit. The security policy should cover such aspects as well. They can be a bottleneck for the flow, since all connections must pass through the firewall system. Firewall systems themselves can not protect the network against smuggling of import or export of material to prohibit such game programs firewalls as attachments to email messages. Smuggling could also be an important source of infection if users download software from external newsletters recent Melissa virus and the Love Bug have been smuggled into the e-mails to unknown recipients. This is an area that security policy must be addressed. There are software programs that can help in this instance MIMEsweeper runs on the firewall and monitoring of e-mail attachments before you let them pass. It will remove potentially dangerous attachments or prevent the mail from all over. The main disadvantage of a firewall is that it protects against the aggressor inside. Like most computer crimes are perpetrated by corporate internal users, a firewall offers little protection against this threat. For example, an employee may not be able to email sensitive data on the site, but may be able to copy on a floppy and after it. Therefore, organizations need to balance the amount of time and money they spend on the firewall with one on other aspects of information security. [3] Firewall function III There are two methods of denial of access used by firewalls. A firewall may allow all traffic through unless it meets certain criteria, or you can deny all traffic unless it meets certain criteria (see Figure 3.1). The type of criteria used to determine whether to allow traffic through varies from one type of firewall to another. Firewalls may be concerned about the type of traffic, or source or destination addresses and ports. They can also use complex rule bases that analyze the application data to determine whether traffic should be allowed to pass. How a firewall determines what traffic to pass depends on the network layer it operates.[5] Figure 3.1: Basic Firewall Operation Firewall Types IV A real firewall is hardware and software that intercepts data between the Internet and your computer. All data traffic must pass through it, and the firewall allows the data is allowed through the corporate network. Firewalls are typically implemented using one of four major architectures: â‚ ¬Ã‚  Packet Filters â‚ ¬Ã‚  Application Gateways â‚ ¬Ã‚  Circuit -level Gateways â‚ ¬Ã‚  State -full inspection 3.1 Packet Filters The first line of defence in protecting firewalls and most fundamental is the packet filtering firewall. Packet filters operate at the network layer to examine incoming and outgoing packets and applying a fixed set of rules for determining whether packets are allowed to pass. The firewall packet filtering is generally very fast because it does not take into account some of these data in the packet. Just analyze the header of IP packet, IP addresses, source and destination, and combinations of ports and then applies filtering rules. For example, it is easy to filter all packets destined to port 80, which could be wearing a Web server. The administrator can decide which port 80 is off limits except to certain IP subnets, and a packet filter would suffice. Packet filtering is fast, flexible, transparent (no changes required on the client) and inexpensive. Most routers offer capacities of packet filtering and pure firewall packet filter does not require powerful hardware. This type of filter is commonly used in businesses small and medium enterprises that need to control users can or can not go. IP addresses can be distorted by this type of filter media itself is not sufficient to stop an intruder from accessing your network. However, a packet filter is an important component of a server solution for complete security. [4 vara] Fig 4.1 packet filtering[4] 3.2 Circuit-level Gateways A step above the standard packet filtering firewall, but still considered part of the same architecture, are the gates of the circuit, also known as Stateful Packet Inspection. In the circuit level firewall, all connections are monitored and connections that are deemed valid are allowed to cross the firewall. This usually means that the client behind the firewall can initiate any type of session, but customers outside the firewall can not see or connect to a machine protected by the firewall. State inspections usually occur in the network layer, which makes it fast and preventing suspect packets travel up the protocol stack. Unlike static packet filtering, however, an inspection of State takes decisions on the basis of all data in the packet (which corresponds to all levels of the OSI model). Using this information, the firewall builds dynamic state tables. Use these tables to keep track of connections through the firewall instead of allowing all packets meeting the requirements of all rules to adopt, allows only the packets that are part of a valid connection, prepared social. The firewall packet filtering is popular because they tend to be cheaper, faster and relatively easy to configure and maintain. [4vara] Fig. 7.2: Circuit Proxy 3.3 Application Proxies Working in the implementation of the OSI model, proxy firewall forces all client applications on workstations protected by the firewall to use the firewall as a gateway. The firewall allows each package for each different protocol. There are some drawbacks to using this type of firewall. Each client program must be configured to use a proxy, and not everyone can. In addition, the firewall must have a representative in the same for each type of protocol that can be used. This May, a delay in the implementation of new protocols, if the firewall does not. The penalty paid for this extra level of security is the performance and flexibility. Firewall proxy server processor and large memory to support many simultaneous users, and the introduction of new Internet applications and protocols can often involve long delays, while developing new powers to support them. True proxies are probably the safest, but to impose a surcharge on the network load. Dynamic packet filtering is definitely faster, but the highest end firewall these days are hybrids, incorporating elements of all architectures. [4vara] Fig. 7.3: Application Proxy 3.4 Stateful Inspection The optimal firewall is one that provides the best security with the fastest performance. A technique called Stateful Multi-Layer Inspection (SMLI) was invented to make security tighter while making it easier and less expensive to use, without slowing down performance. SMLI is the foundation of a new generation of firewall products that can be applied across different kinds of protocol boundaries, with an abundance of easy-to-use features and advanced functions. SMLI is similar to an application proxy in the sense that all levels of the OSI model are examined.Instead of using a proxy, which reads and processes each packet through some data manipulation logic, SMLI use traffic-screening algorithms optimized for high-throughput data parsing. With SMLI, each packet is examined and compared against known state (i.e., bit patterns) of friendly packets one of the advantages to SMLI is that the firewall closes all TCP ports and then dynamically opens ports when connections require them. This feature allows management of services that use port numbers greater than 1,023, such as PPTP, which can require added configuration changes in other types of firewalls. Statefu inspection firewalls also provide features such as TCP sequence-number randomization and UDP filtering. [5vara] Fig. 7.4 : Stateful Inspection firewalls inspect in each type Packet Filtering Data link header Internet header Transport header Application header Data Circuit Filtering Data link header Internet header Transport header Application header Data + Connection state Application Gateway Data link header Internet header Transport header Application header Data + Connection state application state Hardware Firewalls and Software Firewalls V 5.1 Hardware Firewalls Hardware firewall can be purchased as a standalone product, but more recently hardware firewalls are typically found in broadband routers, and should be regarded as an important part of your system and network settings, especially for those who have broadband. Hardware firewalls can be effective with little or no configuration, and can protect every machine on a LAN. Most hardware firewalls will have a minimum of four network ports to connect other computers, but for large networks, firewall solutions for enterprise networks are available. A hardware firewall uses packet filtering to examine the packet header to determine their origin and destination. This information is compared to a set of predefined rules or created by the user determine if the packet is sent or deleted.[2] As with any electronic equipment, a user with general computer skills can connect a firewall, adjust a few settings that work. To ensure that the firewall is configured for optimal security and protection, however, consumers certainly have to learn the features of your hardware firewall, to enable them, and how to test your firewall to secure your done a good job of protecting your network. Firewalls are not all equal, and it is important to read the manual and the documentation that came with the product. In addition the manufacturers site will generally have a database or FAQ to get you started. If the terminology is a bit too tech-oriented, you can use my library technical terms to help you get a better understanding of certain terms of technology and equipment is where you configure your hardware firewall. To test the security of your hardware firewall, you can buy third party software or a review of research on the Internet for a free online service that is based on testing of firewalls. Test firewall is an important element of maintenance to ensure that your system is configured for optimal protection provided.[2vara] Figure-1 Hardware Firewall Hardware firewall providing protection to a Local Network [3vara] 2.2 Software Firewalls For users of the detached house, choosing the most popular firewall is firewall software. Firewall software installed on your computer (like any software) and can be customized, allowing some control over its function and protection features. A firewall software to protect your computer from outside attempts to control or access your computer, and your choice of firewall software, you can provide protection against Trojans, the most common or e-mail to. Many software firewalls that the user defined controls for setting up files and share printers and block harmful applications from running on your system. In addition, the firewall software may also include access control, Web filtering and more. The disadvantage of software firewall is that it protects only the computer that are installed, no network, so that each team must have a software firewall is installed. [2] As hardware firewalls are a large number of firewalls to choose from. To begin, we recommend you read the comments of firewall software and search the product website to get some initial information. Because your firewall is always running on your computer, you must take note of system resources will be required to execute and possible incompatibilities with your operating system. A good software firewall will run in the background on your system and use only a small amount of system resources. It is important to monitor firewall software, once installed and to download updates provided by the developer. The differences between software and hardware firewall are enormous and the best protection for your computer and the network is to use both because each offers different, but very necessary for safety and performance. Update your firewall and your operating system is essential to maintain optimal protection because it is proof of your firewall to ensure it is connected and working properly. [2 vara] Figure-2 Computer with Firewall Software Computer running firewall software to provide protection [3 vara] Table 5.1: firewall comparison Advantages Disadvantages Hardware Firewall Operating system independent Not vulnerable to malicious attacks Better performance Focuses on only firewall-related duties Can be single point of failure Higher administrative overhead Higher cost to implement and maintain Software Firewall Less expensive to implement and maintain Lower administrative overhead Dependent upon host operating system Requires additional host hardware, Vulnerable to malicious attacks, Lower performance [6]

Panera Bread Essay

Panera Bread is a nationwide known eatery that provides premium foods in a sophisticated atmosphere. Panera Bread is in the line of bakery-cafà ©. They decided to set themselves apart from eateries such as McDonald’s, Wendy’s, and Burger King. The stores are equipped with very intimate settings and Wi-Fi. Panera Bread specializes in a variety fresh baked bread and meal options for the health conscience customer. SWOT Analysis Strengths †¢Panera Bread is known nationwide and this helps to attract customers. †¢Panera Bread has an assortment of fresh breads and meal offerings to accommodate those that are health conscience. †¢Panera Bread moved past the fast food market and decided to offer high-quality, premium food to its customers. †¢The overall ambience of the eatery gives an intimate, at home feel that makes the customer want †¢Scott Davis, senior vice president and chief concept office had a clear vision of the direction Panera Bread would take and a clear strategy of how to achieve that goal. Weakness †¢The eatery offers premium, fast dining and the prices may appear to be on the higher end to customers. †¢Panera Bread has not been able to increase the frequency of which customers dine at the eatery. †¢In order to enter as a franchise, Panera Bread has a very strict list of criteria that makes it difficult to qualify. Opportunities †¢Panera Bread can cease the opportunity to offer their fresh baked breads in supermarkets or sell their breads in store to customers. †¢Panera Bread has the opportunity to offer a lower end eating experience. This lower end chain will appeal to potential customers who cannot afford and expensive meal for the family. Threats †¢Panera Bread’s direct competition is fast-casual restaurants. †¢The change in the economy has affected how often individuals and families go outside of the home to dine. Alternatives 1.Offer Panera Bread’s signature dough and bread to local supermarkets or for sell at the Panera stores. 2.Introducing a lower market restaurant. 3.Make entering the franchise easier by making the criteria to qualify less strict. Discussion of Alternatives Alternative 1: Pros: Offering their dough for purchase by customers has the potential to generate more revenue for the company. It will also introduce the Panera Bread brand into households of those who have not visited the restaurant. Cons: The cost to produce the fresh dough to customers may exceed the overall gain to the company. Alternative 2: Pros: Introducing an alternate chain to appeal to a lower income customer base will expand the customer base. With the present state of the economy, families are finding it hard to eat out especially when the prices are high. Cons: This particular alternative detours the company from their clear goal. With so many affordable eateries, Panera Bread strives to set itself apart from the others. Alternative 3: Pros: Easing the criteria would make entry in the franchise easier. This will allow for more Panera Bread stores to open. Cons: Easing the criteria would deteriorate the stability of the franchise. The strict criteria ensure the overall success of the franchise. Recommendations Panera Bread would benefit most by teaming up with supermarkets to supply fresh baked Panera Bread. Even though the company itself does not serve frozen bread, it may be a good idea to offer the frozen dough for customers to purchase.